15.0: Preludio a Genes y Proteínas
- Page ID
- 59837
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Desde el redescubrimiento de la obra de Mendel en 1900, la definición del gen ha progresado desde una unidad abstracta de herencia a una entidad molecular tangible capaz de replicación, expresión y mutación (Figura\(\PageIndex{1}\)). Los genes están compuestos por ADN y están dispuestos linealmente en los cromosomas. Los genes especifican las secuencias de aminoácidos, que son los bloques de construcción de las proteínas. A su vez, las proteínas son responsables de orquestar casi todas las funciones de la célula. Tanto los genes como las proteínas que codifican son absolutamente esenciales para la vida tal como la conocemos.