7.3E: Ejercicios
- Page ID
- 112742
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)La práctica hace la perfección
Sumar y restar expresiones racionales con un denominador común
En los siguientes ejercicios, agregue.
1. \(\dfrac{2}{15}+\dfrac{7}{15}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{3}{5}\)
2. \(\dfrac{7}{24}+\dfrac{11}{24}\)
3. \(\dfrac{3c}{4c−5}+\dfrac{5}{4c−5}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{3c+5}{4c−5}\)
4. \(\dfrac{7m}{2m+n}+\dfrac{4}{2m+n}\)
5. \(\dfrac{2r^2}{2r−1}+\dfrac{15r−8}{2r−1}\)
- Contestar
-
\(r+8\)
6. \(\dfrac{3s^2}{3s−2}+\dfrac{13s−10}{3s−2}\)
7. \(\dfrac{2w^2}{w^2−16}+\dfrac{8w}{w^2−16}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{2w}{w−4}\)
8. \(\dfrac{7x^2}{x^2−9}+\dfrac{21x}{x^2−9}\)
En los siguientes ejercicios, restar.
9. \(\dfrac{9a^2}{3a−7}−\dfrac{49}{3a−7}\)
- Contestar
-
\(3a+7\)
10. \(\dfrac{25b^2}{5b−6}−\dfrac{36}{5b−6}\)
11. \(\dfrac{3m^2}{6m−30}−\dfrac{21m−30}{6m−30}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{m−2}{2}\)
12. \(\dfrac{2n^2}{4n−32}−\dfrac{18n−16}{4n−32}\)
13. \(\dfrac{6p^2+3p+4}{p^2+4p−5}−\dfrac{5p^2+p+7}{p^2+4p−5}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{p+3}{p+5}\)
14. \(\dfrac{5q^2+3q−9}{q^2+6q+8}−\dfrac{4q^2+9q+7}{q^2+6q+8}\)
15. \(\dfrac{5r^2+7r−33}{r^2−49}−\dfrac{4r^2+5r+30}{r^2−49}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{r+9}{r+7}\)
16. \(\dfrac{7t^2−t−4}{t^2−25}−\dfrac{6t^2+12t−44}{t^2−25}\)
Sumar y restar expresiones racionales cuyos denominadores son opuestos
En los siguientes ejercicios, sumar o restar.
17. \(\dfrac{10v}{2v−1}+\dfrac{2v+4}{1−2v}\)
- Contestar
-
\(4\)
18. \(\dfrac{20w}{5w−2}+\dfrac{5w+6}{2−5w}\)
19. \(\dfrac{10x^2+16x−7}{8x−3}+\dfrac{2x^2+3x−1}{3−8x}\)
- Contestar
-
\(x+2\)
20. \(\dfrac{6y^2+2y−11}{3y−7}+\dfrac{3y^2−3y+17}{7−3y}\)
21. \(\dfrac{z^2+6z}{z^2−25}−\dfrac{3z+20}{25−z^2}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{z+4}{z−5}\)
22. \(\dfrac{a^2+3a}{a^2−9}−\dfrac{3a−27}{9−a^2}\)
23. \(\dfrac{2b^2+30b−13}{b^2−49}−\dfrac{2b^2−5b−8}{49−b^2}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{4b−3}{b−7}\)
24. \(\dfrac{c^2+5c−10}{c^2−16}−\dfrac{c^2−8c−10}{16−c^2}\)
Encuentre el denominador menos común de las expresiones racionales
En los siguientes ejercicios, a. encontrar la LCD para las expresiones racionales dadas b. reescribirlas como expresiones racionales equivalentes con el mínimo denominador común.
25. \(\dfrac{5}{x^2−2x−8},\dfrac{2x}{x^2−x−12}\)
- Contestar
-
a.\((x+2)(x−4)(x+3)\)
b.\(\dfrac{5x+15}{(x+2)(x−4)(x+3)}\),
\(\dfrac{2x^2+4x}{(x+2)(x−4)(x+3)}\)
26. \(\dfrac{8}{y^2+12y+35},\dfrac{3y}{y^2+y−42}\)
27. \(\dfrac{9}{z^2+2z−8},\dfrac{4z}{z^2−4}\)
- Contestar
-
a.\((z−2)(z+4)(z−4)\)
b.\(\dfrac{9z−36}{(z−2)(z+4)(z−4)}\),
\(\dfrac{4z^2−8z}{(z−2)(z+4)(z−4)}\)
28. \(\dfrac{6}{a^2+14a+45},\dfrac{5a}{a^2−81}\)
29. \(\dfrac{4}{b^2+6b+9},\dfrac{2b}{b^2−2b−15}\)
- Contestar
-
a.\((b+3)(b+3)(b−5)\)
b.\(\dfrac{4b−20}{(b+3)(b+3)(b−5)}\),
\(\dfrac{2b^2+6b}{(b+3)(b+3)(b−5)}\)
30. \(\dfrac{5}{c^2−4c+4},\dfrac{3c}{c^2−7c+10}\)
31. \(\dfrac{2}{3d^2+14d−5},\dfrac{5d}{3d^2−19d+6}\)
- Contestar
-
a.\((d+5)(3d−1)(d−6)\)
b.\(\dfrac{2d−12}{(d+5)(3d−1)(d−6)}\),
\(\dfrac{5d^2+25d}{(d+5)(3d−1)(d−6)}\)
32. \(\dfrac{3}{5m^2−3m−2},\dfrac{6m}{5m^2+17m+6}\)
Sumar y restar expresiones racionales con denominadores diferentes
En los siguientes ejercicios, realizar las operaciones indicadas.
33. \(\dfrac{7}{10x^2y}+\dfrac{4}{15xy^2}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{21y+8x}{30x^2y^2}\)
34. \(\dfrac{1}{12a^3b^2}+\dfrac{5}{9a^2b^3}\)
35. \(\dfrac{3}{r+4}+\dfrac{2}{r−5}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{5r−7}{(r+4)(r−5)}\)
36. \(\dfrac{4}{s−7}+\dfrac{5}{s+3}\)
37. \(\dfrac{5}{3w−2}+\dfrac{2}{w+1}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{11w+1}{(3w−2)(w+1)}\)
38. \(\dfrac{4}{2x+5}+\dfrac{2}{x−1}\)
39. \(\dfrac{2y}{y+3}+\dfrac{3}{y−1}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{2y^2+y+9}{(y+3)(y−1)}\)
40. \(\dfrac{3z}{z−2}+\dfrac{1}{z+5}\)
41. \(\dfrac{5b}{a^2b−2a^2}+\dfrac{2b}{b^2−4}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{b(5b+10+2a^2)}{a^2(b−2)(b+2)}\)
42. \(\dfrac{4}{cd+3c}+\dfrac{1}{d^2−9}\)
43. \(\dfrac{−3m}{3m−3}+\dfrac{5m}{m^2+3m−4}\)
- Contestar
-
\(-\dfrac{m}{m+4}\)
44. \(\dfrac{8}{4n+4}+\dfrac{6}{n^2−n−2}\)
45. \(\dfrac{3r}{r^2+7r+6}+\dfrac{9}{r^2+4r+3}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{3(r^2+6r+18)}{(r+1)(r+6)(r+3)}\)
46. \(\dfrac{2s}{s^2+2s−8}+\dfrac{4}{s^2+3s−10}\)
47. \(\dfrac{t}{t−6}−\dfrac{t−2}{t+6}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{2(7t−6)}{(t−6)(t+6)}\)
48. \(\dfrac{x−3}{x+6}−\dfrac{x}{x+3}\)
49. \(\dfrac{5a}{a+3}−\dfrac{a+2}{a+6}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{4a^2+25a−6}{(a+3)(a+6)}\)
50. \(\dfrac{3b}{b−2}−\dfrac{b−6}{b−8}\)
51. \(\dfrac{6}{m+6}−\dfrac{12m}{m^2−36}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{−6}{m−6}\)
52. \(\dfrac{4}{n+4}−\dfrac{8n}{n^2−16}\)
53. \(\dfrac{−9p−17}{p^2−4p−21}−\dfrac{p+1}{7−p}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{p+2}{p+3}\)
54. \(\dfrac{−13q−8}{q^2+2q−24}−\dfrac{q+2}{4−q}\)
55. \(\dfrac{−2r−16}{r^2+6r−16}−\dfrac{5}{2−r}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{3}{r−2}\)
56. \(\dfrac{2t−30}{t^2+6t−27}−\dfrac{2}{3−t}\)
57. \(\dfrac{2x+7}{10x−1}+3\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{4(8x+1)}{10x−1}\)
58. \(\dfrac{8y−4}{5y+2}−6\)
59. \(\dfrac{3}{x^2−3x−4}−\dfrac{2}{x^2−5x+4}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{x−5}{(x−4)(x+1)(x−1)}\)
60. \(\dfrac{4}{x^2−6x+5}−\dfrac{3}{x^2−7x+10}\)
61. \(\dfrac{5}{x^2+8x−9}−\dfrac{4}{x^2+10x+9}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{1}{(x−1)(x+1)}\)
62. \(\dfrac{3}{2x^2+5x+2}−\dfrac{1}{2x^2+3x+1}\)
63. \(\dfrac{5a}{a−2}+\dfrac{9}{a}−\dfrac{2a+18}{a^2−2a}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{5a^2+7a−36}{a(a−2)}\)
64. \(\dfrac{2b}{b−5}+\dfrac{3}{2b}−\dfrac{2b−15}{2b^2−10b}\)
65. \(\dfrac{c}{c+2}+\dfrac{5}{c−2}−\dfrac{10c}{c^2−4}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{c−5}{c+2}\)
66. \(\dfrac{6d}{d−5}+\dfrac{1}{d+4}+\dfrac{7d−5}{d^2−d−20}\)
67. \(\dfrac{3d}{d+2}+\dfrac{4}{d}−\dfrac{d+8}{d^2+2d}\)
- Contestar
-
\(\dfrac{3(d+1)}{d+2}\)
68. \(\dfrac{2q}{q+5}+\dfrac{3}{q−3}−\dfrac{13q+15}{q^2+2q−15}\)
Sumar y restar funciones racionales
En los siguientes ejercicios, encuentra a.\(R(x)=f(x)+g(x)\) b\(R(x)=f(x)−g(x)\).
69. \(f(x)=\dfrac{−5x−5}{x^2+x−6}\)y\( g(x)=\dfrac{x+1}{2−x}\)
- Contestar
-
a.\(R(x)=−\dfrac{(x+8)(x+1)}{(x−2)(x+3)}\)
b.\(R(x)=\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\)
70. \(f(x)=\dfrac{−4x−24}{x^2+x−30}\)y\( g(x)=\dfrac{x+7}{5−x}\)
71. \(f(x)=\dfrac{6x}{x^2−64}\)y\(g(x)=\dfrac{3}{x−8}\)
- Contestar
-
a.\(R(x)=\dfrac{3(3x+8)}{(x−8)(x+8)}\)
b.\(R(x)=\dfrac{3}{x+8}\)
72. \(f(x)=\dfrac{5}{x+7}\)y\( g(x)=\dfrac{10x}{x^2−49}\)
Ejercicios de escritura
73. Donald piensa que\(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{4}{x}\) es así\(\dfrac{7}{2x}\). ¿Donald está en lo correcto? Explique.
- Contestar
-
Las respuestas variarán.
74. Explica cómo encuentras el Mínimo Común Denominador de\(x^2+5x+4\) y\(x^2−16\).
75. Felipe cree\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\) que sí\(\dfrac{2}{x+y}\).
a. Elija valores numéricos para x e y y evalúe\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\).
b. Evalúe\(\dfrac{2}{x+y}\) para los mismos valores de x e y que utilizó en la parte a..
c. Explique por qué Felipe se equivoca.
d. Encontrar la expresión correcta para\(1x+1y\).
- Contestar
-
a. Las respuestas variarán.
b. Las respuestas variarán.
c. Las respuestas variarán.
d.\(\dfrac{x+y}{x}\)
76. Simplifica la expresión\(\dfrac{4}{n^2+6n+9}−\dfrac{1}{n^2−9}\) y explica todos tus pasos.
Autocomprobación
a. después de completar los ejercicios, utilice esta lista de verificación para evaluar su dominio de los objetivos de esta sección.
b. Después de revisar esta lista de verificación, ¿qué harás para tener confianza en todos los objetivos?