14.2: The subjunctive with indefinite antecedents
- Page ID
- 173633
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)The subjunctive with indefinite antecedents
Sometimes it is not obvious if a subject exists or not. When this happens, it is called an indefinite antecent and requires the subjunctive. If the subject is obvious, it is a definite antecedent and requires the indicative. For example
¿Hay alguien que pueda conjugar todos los verbos? Is there anyone who can conjugate all of the verbs? We do not know if this person exists === > use the subjunctive
Hay muchos estudiantes que entienden todos los verbos. There are students who understand the verbs. There are, we know this person exists === > use the indicative
Queremos una profesora que cancele la clase. We want a teacher who cancels class. We want but do not have ===> use the subjunctive
Tenemos una profesora que es divertida. We have at teacher who is fun. We have, she is definite === > use teh indicative
Some verbs that indicate an indefinite subject are
buscar to look for
¿Hay? Is/are there?
no hay There are none
necesitar to need
querer to want
Some verbs that indicate definite subjects are
hay there is/are
tener to have
In some ways, this is a brief review of everything we have learned about the subjunctive. The subjunctive indicates Wishing, Emotion, Doubt, Denial, Impersonal Expressions, and God/Allah/a Higher Power = Ojalá. An indefinite antecedent can be a part of these things. On the other hand, a definite antecedent or subject is something definite and is not part of the WEDDING.
So, let's practice!
Prácticas.
A. Complete each sentence with the appropriate form of the verb.
1. Quiero tener una profesora que (poder) ___________________ cantar bien.
2. Tengo unos estudiantes que (ser) ___________________ muy inteligentes.
3. Hay estudiantes que (trabajar) ___________________ mucho en esta clase.
4. ¿Hay profesores que (ser) ___________________ más locos que Hatcher?
5. Ahora buscamos un app que nos (ayudar) _____________________ más que Duolingo, Conjuguemos, y Quizlet.
6. Tenemos un libro que no (costar) _______________________ nada.
7. Necesitamos una computadora que (poder) _______________________ incluir los acentos ortográficos.
8. Necesitamos un trabajo que no (demandar) ____________________ tantas horas.
9. No hay nadie en esta clase que (ser) ________________________ perezoso
10. ¿Hay estudiantes que no (hacer) ______________________ la tarea?
11. Hay muchos estudiantes que (esperar) ________________________ para comprar café.
12. Buscamos a una persona que (ser) ________________________ más loca que nuestra profesora.
B. Complete each sentence in a logical way.
1. Yo busco una clase que ____________________________________________.
2. Yo tengo una clase que ____________________________________________.
3. En esta universidad hay ______.______________________________________.
4. ¿Hay alguien en la universidad que __________________________________?
5. No conocemos a nadie que _________________________________________.
6. Tengo una clase que __________________________________________.
7. Buscamos una clase que _____________________________________________.
8. Necesito un trabajo que ____________________________________________.
C. What is an indefinite antecedent? What is a definite antecedent? Which requires the subjunctive? Why? Give an example of a sentence with an indefinite and a definite antecedent.