3.2: Hojas
- Page ID
- 52643
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Vemos una gran cantidad de variación en los tamaños y formas de las hojas. De igual manera, la estructura anatómica de las hojas puede variar considerablemente. Las hojas de las plantas pueden estar especializadas para maximizar la utilización de la luz, minimizar la pérdida de agua, facilitar la fotosíntesis C4 o la fotosíntesis CAM, para resistir daños por estrés hídrico o para flotar en el agua.
![Una hoja típica de una planta mesofita](https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/34949/3.1-Cuticle-upper-epidermis-BCC.jpg)
![Otro ejemplo de una hoja típica de una planta mesofita](https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/34950/3.2-Mesophyte-Syringa-leaf-BCC.jpg)
![Un ejemplo de una hoja con algunas características xerófitas](https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/34951/3.3-Xerophyte-Rhizopora-SMB.jpg)
![Un ejemplo de una hoja con características xerófitas más claras.](https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/34952/3.4-Callistemon-leaf-SMB.jpg)
![Una hoja de Acacia adaptada a la sequía con características claras de xerófito.](https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/34953/3.5-Acaccia-3-SMB.jpg)
![Un ejemplo de una hoja con características de hidrófitos.](https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/34954/3.6-Hydrophyte-Nymphaea-SMB.jpg)
![Tejido de aerénquima en tallo de la hierba de pondweed hidrófita, Potamogeton.](https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/34955/3.7-Aerenchyma-in-Potamogeton-BCC-sm.jpg)
![Una hoja de una especie con arquitectura foliar C3 (Triticum)](https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/34956/3.8a-Wheat-leaf-cs-BRK.jpg)
![Una hoja de una especie con arquitectura foliar C4](https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/34957/3.8b-Zea-mays-bundle-sheath-cells.jpg)