6.6: Sedimentos Biógenos
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Los sedimentos biógenos están compuestos por los restos de organismos vivos, incluyendo fitoplancton microscópico (plantas) y zooplancton microscópico (animales), plantas terrestres y acuáticas, conchas de invertebrados y material vertebrado (dientes, huesos) y residuos orgánicos asociados. El carbón, el petróleo y el gas se derivan de sedimentos biógenos. Los sedimentos biógenos se acumulan para formar depósitos masivos asociados con los modernos y antiguos “sistemas de arrecifes” carbonatados (como la Barrera de Coral Australiana, el sur de Florida, Cayos y las Bahamas, Yucatán y los arrecifes en todo el Mar Caribe, y grandes arrecifes y atolones en tu gota el Pacífico Sur, India Océano, y muchos otros lugares. (Ver más sobre Sedimentos Biógenos a continuación.)
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| Figura 6.15. La actividad biológica crea grandes volúmenes de sedimentos en algunas regiones oceánicas. | Figura 6.16. El plancton oceánico constituye el mayor reservorio de biomasa en los océanos del mundo |