15.17: Ventilaciones hidrotermales
- Page ID
- 89767
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Las comunidades de respiraderos hidrotermales en las profundidades del mar tienen una abundancia de formas de vida “inusuales” (a diferencia de cualquier cosa en los ambientes costeros). La vida alrededor de los respiraderos de aguas profundas se sustenta en la quimiosíntesis (producción primaria no apoyada por la fotosíntesis). Los organismos microscópicos (base de la cadena alimentaria local) prosperan con sulfuro de hidrógeno de las rejillas de ventilación. Los microbios fabrican azúcar, dióxido de carbono y oxígeno disuelto.
Las especies de respiraderos hidrotermales (consumidores secundarios y descomponedores) incluyen:
• Gusanos gigantes
• Almejas gigantes
• Mejillones gigantes
• Cangrejos.
Los respiraderos hidrotermales pueden estar activos durante años o décadas.
Las especies animales son similares en respiraderos ampliamente separados.
Las larvas de las comunidades de ventilación se desplazan de sitio a sitio.
Figura 15.70. Comunidad de ventilación hidrotermal.