\[\begin{aligned} L \int_{x}^{p}(f-q) &=L \int_{x}^{p} f-L \int_{x}^{p} q \\ L \int_{x}^{p} q &=q(p-x), \quad \text { and } \\ L \int_{x}^{p} f &=L \int_{a}^{p} f-L \int_{a}^{x} f \\ &=H(p)-H(x). \end...L∫px(f−q)=L∫pxf−L∫pxqL∫pxq=q(p−x), and L∫pxf=L∫paf−L∫xaf=H(p)−H(x).L∫xafn=n∫x+1/na+1/nF−n∫xaF=n∫x+1/nxF−n∫a+1/naF.
