2.5: -ER verbs
- Page ID
- 173562
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)The present tense of -ER verbs.
We group Spanish verbs by their last two letters. Verbs that end in -ER are the second largest group of Spanish verbs. The other two groups of verbs end in -AR and IR.
Spanish verbs change their endings to show who the subject of the verb is. This is called conjugating. We are going to learn to conjugate -ER verbs, which is very similar to conjugating AR verbs except we will use the letter E in place of the letter A in the endings.
In order to conjugate, we are going to use the same format as the subject pronouns. This is because the endings of a Spanish verb change based on who is completing the action.
The first step in conjugating, is to remove the last two letters, the ER. Without the ER, we are left with the stem of the verb. This is the part we will use to conjugate. We conjugate by adding an ending to the stem. The ending we add is based on who is completing the action. So, the conjugated forms of the AR verb comer are:
COMER
Yo como. Nosotros/Nosotras comemos.
Tú comes. Vosotros/Vosotras coméis.
Él/Ella/Usted come. Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes comen.
It is necessary to remember O, ES, E, EMOS, ÉIS, and EN in order to conjugate. Some students find it helpful to clap while they repeat the endings. Practice saying: O, ES, E, EMOS, ÉIS, EN.
Now, write and say the conjugated forms of the verb beber
BEBER
Yo beb_____. Nosotros/Nosotras beb__________.
Tú beb _____. Vosotros/Vosotras beb___________.
Él/Ella/Usted beb ______. Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes beb___________.
Now, write and say the conjugated forms of the verb correr
CORRER
Yo corr_____. Nosotros/Nosotras corr__________.
Tú corr_____. Vosotros/Vosotras corr ___________.
Él/Ella/Usted corr ______. Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes corr___________.
Now, write and say the conjugated forms of an ER verb that you pick
_______________
Yo _________. Nosotros/Nosotras ______________.
Tú _________. Vosotros/Vosotras _______________.
Él/Ella/Usted __________. Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes _______________.
The present indicative can be translated in three ways. For example, Como. translates to
1. I eat.
2. I do eat.
3. I am eating.
Native Spanish speakers generally do not use the subject pronouns with the conjugated forms of yo, tú, nosotros/nosotras, vosotros/vosotras because the conjugation indicates who the subject is. Still, sometimes native speakers use the subject pronouns to give emphasis to the subject.
Como mucho. means I eat a lot. All of the words are of equal importance.
Yo como mucho. means I eat a lot but really emphasizes the subject.
Since the conjugated forms of él, ella, usted, ellos, ellas, ustedes share a conjugated form, the subject pronoun is often included to clarify who is doing the action.
The form of vosotros/vosotras is usually used in Spain.
Frequently used -ER verbs
aprender to learn
barrer to sweep
beber to drink
comer to eat
comprender to understand
correr to run
coser to sew
creer to believe
deber + infinitive should, ought to
depender de to depend
esconder to hide
leer to read
prender to catch, to turn on
responder to respond
romper to break
suceder to happen, occur
tejer to knit, weave
temer to fear
toser to cough
vender to sell
ver to see
With practice, conjugating becomes easier and sort of fun. So, let us practice conjugating regular ER verbs.
Prácticas.
A. Conjugate the verbs in the indicated forms.
1. Yo (leer) ___________________.
2. Ella (responder) ____________________.
3. Ustedes (depender) __________________.
4. Tú (vender) ___________________.
5. Ellos (visitar) __________________.
6. Usted (comprender) ___________________.
7. Nosotros (creer) __________________.
8. Yo (coser) __________________.
9. Las chicas (tejer) ___________________.
10. Tú (esconder) ___________________.
11. Mi amigo y yo (prender) __________________.
12. La clase (ver) ____________________.
13. Mis amigos (responder) ____________________.
14. Ustedes (toser) ____________________.
15. Usted (correr) ____________________.
B. Answer the following questions in complete sentences in Spanish.
1. ¿Corres rápidamente?
2. ¿Lees mucho?
3. ¿Bebes café?
4. ¿Crees en el destino?
5. ¿Respondes mucho en clase?
6. ¿Cuándo respondes en español?
7. ¿Aprendes mejor en clase o en linea?
8. ¿De quién dependes?
9. ¿Cuándo prendes tu computadora?
10. ¿Qué temes?
C. Translate the following sentences.
1. She drinks a lot of water.
2. We understand Spanish.
3. You (tú) are seeing
4. I do eat.
5. They fear.
6. You (usted) run.
7. I read a lot.
8. We do believe.
9. They (ellas) are eating.
10. They (ellos) learn.
D. Use the verbs in the list above to write five of your own short sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
E. The song Otro Día Más Sin Verte by Jon Secada is a song about how a he feels when he does not see someone he wants to see. Listen to the song. Then, write about five different things you like to do. You can start your sentences with ME GUSTA and use an infinitive, an unconjugated form of the verb.
For example
Me gusta correr rápidamente.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
F. Why do we conjugate verbs? How do we conjugate an -ER verb? Give three examples