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15: Transporte Pasivo

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    69639
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    El transporte pasivo suele ser sinónimo de difusión, donde la energía térmica es la única fuente de movimiento.

    \[ \langle r(t) \rangle = 0 \qquad \qquad \qquad \langle r^2(t) \rangle^{1/2}=\sqrt{6Dt} \qquad \qquad \qquad r_{rms}\propto \sqrt{t} \nonumber \]

    clipboard_e5ce1cddfc1523b51cfb4e8ac7b73147e.pngEn los sistemas biológicos, el transporte difusivo puede funcionar a corta escala, pero no es efectivo para el transporte de largo alcance. Considerar:

    \( \langle r^2 \rangle^{1/2} \)para pequeñas proteínas que se mueven en el agua

    ~10 nm →10 —7 s

    ~10 μm → 10 —1 s

    El transporte activo se refiere al movimiento dirigido:

    \[ \langle r(t) \rangle = \langle v \rangle t \qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad r \propto t \nonumber \]

    Esto requiere una entrada de energía en el sistema, sin embargo, aún debemos lidiar con fluctuaciones térmicas aleatorias.

    ¿Cómo se acelera el transporte?

    Discutiremos estas posibilidades:

    • Reducir la dimensionalidad: Difusión facilitada
    • Gradiente de energía libre (potencial químico): Difusión en un potencial
    • Direccional: Requiere entrada de energía, lo que impulsa la conmutación entre dos estados conformacionales de la partícula en movimiento ligada a la traslación.


    This page titled 15: Transporte Pasivo is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Andrei Tokmakoff via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.