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13.8: Problems for Chapter 13

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    2417
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    Link to Solution Manual

     

    P13.1: Propose a mechanism for this early reaction in the biosynthesis of the isoprenoid building blocks:

    image158.png

    P13.2: Given the intermediates shown for this biotin-dependent reaction in which acetyl-CoA is carboxylated (in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway), propose a complete curved-arrow mechanism.

    image160.png

    P13.3:  Propose a likely mechanism for this final reaction in the degradation of cysteine in mammals.

    image162.png

    P13.4:  The following is a step in the degradation pathway for threonine.  Propose a likely mechanism.

    image164.png

    P13.5: Propose reasonable mechanisms for the following reactions:

    a)

    image166.png

    b)

    image168.png

    c)

    image170.png

     

    P13.6: Propose a mechanism for the following carboxylation reaction.  The complete reaction is dependent on the CO2-carrying coenzyme biotin as well as ATP, but assume in your mechanism that the actual carboxylation step occurs with free CO2 (you don’t need to account for the role played by biotin or ATP).

    image172.png

    P13.7: The following step in the biosynthesis of lysine involves a condensation between aspartate semialdehyde (the reactant pictured below) and a common metabolic intermediate.  Identify the intermediate, and propose a mechanism for the reaction.

    image174.png

    P13.8: In the biosynthesis of leucine, acetyl CoA condenses with another metabolic intermediate ‘X" to form 1-isopropylmalate.  Give the structure for substrate X, and provide a mechanism for the reaction.

    image176.png

    P13.9: 2-methyl-3-keto-butyryl CoA undergoes retro-Claisen cleavage (a step in isoleucine degradation).  Predict the products.

    image178.png

    P13.10: Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:

    image180.png

    P13.11:  Propose a mechanism for the following transformation (part of the degradation pathway for the uridine nucleotide).

    image182.png

    P13.12: Provide a likely mechanism the reaction below, from tryptophan biosynthesis:

    image184.png

    P13.13:Suggest a likely mechanism for the following reaction in the biosynthesis of morphine, being sure to identify the structure of species X, which is released in the reaction.

    image186.png

    P13.14: Predict the product of the following reaction:

    image188.png

    P13.15: Predict the major organic product of each of the following reactions:

    a)

    image190.png

    b)

    image192.png

    c)

    image194.png

    P13.16:  Draw the structures of compounds designated by A – G in the reactions below.

    image196.png

     

    image198.png

     

    image200.png

    P13.17:  Predict the major organic product of the following laboratory synthesis reactions:

    a)

    image202.png

    b)

    image204.png

    c)

    image206.png

    d) (also predict the structure of species A)

    image208.png

    e)

    image210.png

    f)

    image211.png

    g)

    image213.png

    P13.18: Propose routes for the following multistep syntheses.  You may use any lab synthesis reagent covered so far in this text, plus the starting compound(s) given.

    a)

    image216.png

    b)

    image217.png

    c)

    image219.png

     

    Challenge problems

    C13.1: Suggest a mechanism for the following transformation. (Hint – only two mechanistic steps are required.)

    image221.png

     
     
     

    This page titled 13.8: Problems for Chapter 13 is shared under a not declared license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Tim Soderberg.