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16.8: Normas Primarias Recomendadas

Última actualización

30 oct 2022
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- 16.7: Valores críticos para la prueba de Grubb
- 16.9: Corrección de la masa para la flotabilidad del aire

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Todos los compuestos son de la mayor pureza disponible. Los metales se limpian con ácido diluido para eliminar cualquier impureza superficial y se enjuagan con agua destilada. A menos que se indique lo contrario, los compuestos se secan a un peso constante a 110 ^o C. La mayoría de estos compuestos son solubles en ácido diluido (1:1 HCl o 1:1 HNO ₃), con calentamiento suave si es necesario; algunos de los compuestos son solubles en agua.

Elemento	Compuesto	FW (g/mol)	Comentarios
aluminio	Al metal	26.982
antimonio	Sb metal	121.760
	$\ce{KSbOC4H4O6}$	324.92	preparado por secado $\ce{KSbC4H4O6 * 1/2H2O}$ a 100 °C y almacenamiento en un desecador
arsénico	Como metal	74.922
	$\ce{As2O3}$	197.84	tóxico
bario	$\ce{BaCO3}$	197.84	Secar a 200 ^o C durante 4 h
bismuto	Bi metal	208.98
boro	$\ce{H3BO3}$	61.83	no secar
bromo	KBr	119.01
cadmio	Cd metal	112.411
	CDo	128.40
calcio	$\ce{CaCO3}$	100.09
cerio	Ce metal	140.116
	$\ce{(NH4)2Ce(NO3)4}$	548.23
cesio	$\ce{Cs2CO3}$	325.82
	$\ce{Cs2SO4}$	361.87
cloro	NaCl	58.44
cromo	Cr metal	51.996
	$\ce{K2Cr2O7}$	294.19
cobalto	Co metal	58.933
cobre	Cu metal	63.546
	CuO	79.54
flúor	NaF	41.99	no almacenar soluciones en envases de vidrio
yodo	KI	166.00
	$\ce{KIO3}$	214.00
hierro	Fe metal	55.845
plomo	Pb metal	207.2
litio	$\ce{Li2CO3}$	73.89
magnesio	Mg metal	24.305
manganeso	Mn metal	54.938
mercurio	Hg de metal	200.59
molibdeno	Mo metal	95.94
níquel	Ni metal	58.693
fósforo	$\ce{KH2PO4}$	136.09
	$\ce{P2O5}$	141.94
potasio	KCl	74.56
	$\ce{K2CO3}$	138.21
	$\ce{K2Cr2O7}$	294.19
	$\ce{KHC8H4O2}$	204.23
silicio	Si metal	28.085
	$\ce{SiO2}$	60.08
plata	Ag metal	107.868
	$\ce{AgNO3}$	169.87
sodio	NaCl	58.44
	$\ce{Na2CO3}$	106.00
	$\ce{Na2C2O4}$	134.00
estroncio	$\ce{SrCO3}$	147.63
azufre	elemental S	32.066
	$\ce{K2SO4}$	174.27
	$\ce{Na2SO4}$	142.04
hojalata	Sn metal	118.710
titanio	Ti metal	47.867
tungsteno	W metal	183.84
uranio	U metal	238.029
	$\ce{U3O8}$	842.09
vanadio	V metal	50.942
zinc	Zn metal	81.37

Fuentes:

Smith, B. W.; Parsons, M. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 679—681
Moody, J. R.; Greenburg, P. R.; Pratt, K. W.; Lluvias, T. C. Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 1203A—1218A.

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