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16.12: Constantes de Formación

Última actualización

30 oct 2022
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- 16.11: Constantes de disociación ácida
- 16.13: Potenciales de reducción estándar

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La siguiente tabla proporciona $K_i$ y $\beta_i$ valores para los complejos metal-ligando seleccionados, dispuestos por el ligando. Todos los valores son de Martell, A. E.; Smith, R. M. Constantes de Estabilidad Crítica, Vols. 1—4. Plenum Press: Nueva York, 1976. A menos que se indique lo contrario, los valores son para 25 ^o C y fuerza iónica cero. Esos valores entre paréntesis se consideran menos confiables.

Acetato $\ce{CH3COO-}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Mg ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.27	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Ca ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.18	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Ba ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.07	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Mn ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.40	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Fe ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.40	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Co ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.46	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Ni ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.43	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Cu ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">2.22	\ (K_2\) ">1.41	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Ag ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">0.73	\ (K_2\) ">—0.09	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Zn ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.57	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Cd ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.93	\ (K_2\) ">1.22	\ (K_3\) ">—0.89	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CH3COO-}\) ">Pb ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">2.68	\ (K_2\) ">1.40	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

Amoníaco $\ce{NH3}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {NH3}\) ">Ag ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">3.31	\ (K_2\) ">3.91	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {NH3}\) ">Co ²⁺ (T = 20 °C)	\ (K_1\) ">1.99	\ (K_2\) ">1.51	\ (K_3\) ">0.93	\ (K_4\) ">0.64	\ (K_5\) ">0.06	\ (K_6\) ">—0.73
\ (\ ce {NH3}\) ">Ni ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">2.72	\ (K_2\) ">2.17	\ (K_3\) ">1.66	\ (K_4\) ">1.12	\ (K_5\) ">0.67	\ (K_6\) ">—0.03
\ (\ ce {NH3}\) ">Cu ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">4.04	\ (K_2\) ">3.43	\ (K_3\) ">2.80	\ (K_4\) ">1.48	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {NH3}\) ">Zn ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">2.21	\ (K_2\) ">2.29	\ (K_3\) ">2.36	\ (K_4\) ">2.03	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {NH3}\) ">Cd ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">2.55	\ (K_2\) ">2.01	\ (K_3\) ">1.34	\ (K_4\) ">0.84	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

Cloruro $\ce{Cl-}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {Cl-}\) ">Cu ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">0.40	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {Cl-}\) ">Fe ³⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.48	\ (K_2\) ">0.65	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {Cl-}\)” class="lt-chem-135872"> Ag ⁺ ( $\mu = 5.0 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">3.70	\ (K_2\) ">1.92	\ (K_3\) ">0.78	\ (K_4\) ">—0.3	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {Cl-}\) ">Zn ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">0.43	\ (K_2\) ">0.18	\ (K_3\) ">—0.11	\ (K_4\) ">—0.3	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {Cl-}\) ">Cd ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.98	\ (K_2\) ">1.62	\ (K_3\) ">—0.2	\ (K_4\) ">—0.7	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {Cl-}\) ">Pb ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.59	\ (K_2\) ">0.21	\ (K_3\) ">—0.1	\ (K_4\) ">—0.3	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

Cianuro $\ce{CN-}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {CN-}\) ">Fe ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">35.4 ( $\beta_6$ )
\ (\ ce {CN-}\) ">Fe ³⁺	\ (K_1\) ">	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">43.6 ( $\beta_6$ )
\ (\ ce {CN-}\) ">Ag ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">	\ (K_2\) ">20.48 ( $\beta_2$ )	\ (K_3\) ">0.92	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CN-}\) ">Zn ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">	\ (K_2\) ">11.07 ( $\beta_2$ )	\ (K_3\) ">4.98	\ (K_4\) ">3.57	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CN-}\) ">Cd ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">6.01	\ (K_2\) ">5.11	\ (K_3\) ">4.53	\ (K_4\) ">2.27	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CN-}\) ">Hg ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">17.00	\ (K_2\) ">15.75	\ (K_3\) ">3.56	\ (K_4\) ">2.66	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {CN-}\) ">Ni ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">30.22 ( $\beta_4$ )	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

Etilendiamina $\ce{H2NCH2CH2NH2}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {H2NCH2CH2NH2}\) ">Ni ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">7.38	\ (K_2\) ">6.18	\ (K_3\) ">4.11	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {H2NCH2CH2NH2}\) ">Cu ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">10.48	\ (K_2\) ">9.07	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {H2NCH2CH2NH2}\) ">Ag ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">4.700	\ (K_2\) ">3.00	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {H2NCH2CH2NH2}\) ">Zn ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">5.66	\ (K_2\) ">4.98	\ (K_3\) ">3.25	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {H2NCH2CH2NH2}\) ">Cd ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">5.41	\ (K_2\) ">4.50	\ (K_3\) ">2.78	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

EDTA	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
Mg ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">8.79	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Ca ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">10.69	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Ba ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">7.86	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Bi ³ ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">27.8	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Co ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">16.31	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Ni ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">18.62	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Cu ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">18.80	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Cr ³ ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) "> [23.4]	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Fe ³ ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">25.1	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Ag ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">7.32	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Zn ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">16.50	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Cd ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">16.46	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Hg ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">21.7	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Pb ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">18.04	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Al ³ ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">16.3	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

Fluoruro $\ce{F-}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {F-}\) ">Al ³ ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">6.11	\ (K_2\) ">5.01	\ (K_3\) ">3.88	\ (K_4\) ">3.0	\ (K_5\) ">1.4	\ (K_6\) ">0.4

Fluoruro

$\ce{F-}$

registro

$K_1$

registro

$K_2$

registro

$K_3$

registro

$K_4$

registro

$K_5$

registro

$K_6$

\ (\ ce {F-}\) ">Al ³ ⁺

\ (K_1\) ">6.11

\ (K_2\) ">5.01

\ (K_3\) ">3.88

\ (K_4\) ">3.0

\ (K_5\) ">1.4

\ (K_6\) ">0.4

Hidróxido $\ce{OH-}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {OH-}\) ">Al ³ ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">9.01	\ (K_2\) "> [9.69]	\ (K_3\) "> [8.3]	\ (K_4\) ">6.0	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {OH-}\) ">Co ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">4.3	\ (K_2\) ">4.1	\ (K_3\) ">1.3	\ (K_4\) ">0.5	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {OH-}\) ">Fe ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">4.5	\ (K_2\) ">] 2.9]	\ (K_3\) ">2,6	\ (K_4\) ">—0.4	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {OH-}\) ">Fe ³ ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">11.81	\ (K_2\) ">10.5	\ (K_3\) ">12.1	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {OH-}\) ">Ni ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">4.1	\ (K_2\) ">3.9	\ (K_3\) ">3.	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {OH-}\) ">Pb ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">6.3	\ (K_2\) ">4.6	\ (K_3\) ">3.0	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {OH-}\) ">Zn ²⁺	\ (K_1\) ">5.0	\ (K_2\) "> [6.1]	\ (K_3\) ">2.5	\ (K_4\) "> [1.2]	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

yoduro $\ce{I-}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {I-}\) ">Ag ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">6.58	\ (K_2\) "> [5.12]	\ (K_3\) "> [1.4]	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {I-}\) ">Cd ²⁺ (T = 18 °C)	\ (K_1\) ">2.28	\ (K_2\) ">1.64	\ (K_3\) ">1.08	\ (K_4\) ">1.0	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {I-}\) ">Pb ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.92	\ (K_2\) ">1.28	\ (K_3\) ">0.7	\ (K_4\) ">0.6	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

yoduro

$\ce{I-}$

registro

$K_1$

registro

$K_2$

registro

$K_3$

registro

$K_4$

registro

$K_5$

registro

$K_6$

\ (\ ce {I-}\) ">Ag ⁺

\ (K_1\) ">6.58

\ (K_2\) "> [5.12]

\ (K_3\) "> [1.4]

\ (K_4\) ">

\ (K_5\) ">

\ (K_6\) ">

\ (\ ce {I-}\) ">Cd ²⁺ (T = 18 °C)

\ (K_1\) ">2.28

\ (K_2\) ">1.64

\ (K_3\) ">1.08

\ (K_4\) ">1.0

\ (K_5\) ">

\ (K_6\) ">

\ (\ ce {I-}\) ">Pb ² ⁺

\ (K_1\) ">1.92

\ (K_2\) ">1.28

\ (K_3\) ">0.7

\ (K_4\) ">0.6

\ (K_5\) ">

\ (K_6\) ">

Nitriloacetato	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
Mg ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">5.41	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Ca ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">6.41	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Ba ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">4.82	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Mn ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">7.44	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Fe ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">8.33	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Co ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">10.38	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Ni ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">11.53	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Cu ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">12.96	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Fe ³ ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">15.9	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Zn ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">10.67	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Cd ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">9.83	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Pb ² ⁺ (T = 20 °C, $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">11.39	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

Oxalato $\ce{C2O4^{2-}}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {C2O4^ {2-}}\) ">Ca ² ⁺ ( $\mu = 1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">1.66	\ (K_2\) ">1.03	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {C2O4^ {2-}}\) ">Fe ² ⁺ ( $\mu = 1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">3.05	\ (K_2\) ">2.10	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {C2O4^ {2-}}\) ">Co ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">4.72	\ (K_2\) ">2.28	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {C2O4^ {2-}}\) ">Ni ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">5.16	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {C2O4^ {2-}}\) ">Cu ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">6.23	\ (K_2\) ">4.04	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {C2O4^ {2-}}\) ">Fe ³ ⁺ ( $\mu = 0.5 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">7.53	\ (K_2\) ">6.11	\ (K_3\) ">4.83	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {C2O4^ {2-}}\) ">Zn ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">4.87	\ (K_2\) ">2.78	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

1,10-fenantrolina	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
Fe ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">20.7 ( $\beta_3$ )	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Mn ² ⁺ ( $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">4.0	\ (K_2\) ">3.3	\ (K_3\) ">3.0	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Cu ² ⁺ ( $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">7.08	\ (K_2\) ">6.64	\ (K_3\) ">6.08	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Ni ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">8.6	\ (K_2\) ">8.1	\ (K_3\) ">7.6	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Fe ³ ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">13.8 ( $\beta_3$ )	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Ag ⁺ ( $\mu = 0.1 \text{ M}$ )	\ (K_1\) ">5.02	\ (K_2\) ">7.04	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
Zn ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">6.2	\ (K_2\) "> [5.9]	\ (K_3\) "> [5.2]	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

Tiosulfato $\ce{S2O3^{2-}}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {S2O3^ {2-}}\) ">Ag ⁺ (T = 20 °C)	\ (K_1\) ">8.82	\ (K_2\) ">4.85	\ (K_3\) ">0.53	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

Tiosulfato

$\ce{S2O3^{2-}}$

registro

$K_1$

registro

$K_2$

registro

$K_3$

registro

$K_4$

registro

$K_5$

registro

$K_6$

\ (\ ce {S2O3^ {2-}}\) ">Ag ⁺ (T = 20 °C)

\ (K_1\) ">8.82

\ (K_2\) ">4.85

\ (K_3\) ">0.53

\ (K_4\) ">

\ (K_5\) ">

\ (K_6\) ">

Tiocianato $\ce{SCN-}$	registro $K_1$	registro $K_2$	registro $K_3$	registro $K_4$	registro $K_5$	registro $K_6$
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Mn ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.23	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Fe ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.31	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Co ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.71	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Ni ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.76	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Cu ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">2.33	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Fe ³ ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">3.02	\ (K_2\) ">	\ (K_3\) ">	\ (K_4\) ">	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Ag ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">4.8	\ (K_2\) ">3.43	\ (K_3\) ">1.27	\ (K_4\) ">0.2	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Zn ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.33	\ (K_2\) ">0.58	\ (K_3\) ">0.09	\ (K_4\) ">—0.4	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Cd ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">1.89	\ (K_2\) ">0.89	\ (K_3\) ">0.02	\ (K_4\) ">—0.5	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">
\ (\ ce {SCN-}\) ">Hg ² ⁺	\ (K_1\) ">	\ (K_2\) ">17.26 ( $\beta_2$ )	\ (K_3\) ">2.71	\ (K_4\) ">1.83	\ (K_5\) ">	\ (K_6\) ">

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