10.4: Nosotros and nosotras commands
- Page ID
- 173610
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Nosotros and nosotras commands
We form nosotros and nosotras commands the same way that we form usted and ustedes commands. We follow the three steps of
1. Start with the yo form of the present tense.
2. Remove the o at the end of the conjugation.
3. Add the opposite vowel ending.
For example
infinitive yo - o + opposite vowel ending
decorar decoro decor Decoremos.
comer como com Comamos.
recibir recibo recib Recibamos.
prepararse me preparo me prepar Preparémonos.
Note how Spanish does not have the combination of sn. So, if a nosostros command requires the reflexive pronoun nos, we remove the final s before adding the pronoun.
The command vámonos is the perfect example of the loss of this final s.
To form negative commands, we add a no before the command.
We put pronouns in the same position as other commands. If the command is affirmative, it is attached to the end and requires an accent on the second to last syllable of the original command. If it is negative, we place the pronoun after the no and before the command. For exampl
affirmative command negative command
estudiar el poema Estudiémoslo. No lo estudiemos.
comer la fruta Cómamosla. No la comamos.
escribir la tarea Escríbamosla. No la escribamos.
sentarse Sentémonos. No nos sentemos.
-AR and -ER verbs that stem change in the present tense will not have a stem change. BUT, -IR verbs that stem change in the present tense will have a single letter stem change. For example
Verb + command translation
pensar Pensemos. Let’s think.
recordar Recordemos. Let’s remember.
entender Entendamos. Let’s understand.
preferir Prefiramos. Let’s prefer.
dormir Durmamos. Let’s sleep.
Commands are practical and useful. So, pratiquemos.
Práctica
A. Translate the commands into Spanish.
1. Let’s study!
2. Let’s write!
3. Let’s sing!
4. Let’s not work!
5. Let’s call me.
6. Let’s not wash it.
7. Let’s say it!
8. Let’s not say it!
9. Let’s get ready!
10.Let’s have fun!
B. Write the affirmative and negative nosotros command for each verb.
VERBO + nosotros - nosotros
saltar Saltemos. No saltemos.
escribir la tarea Escribámosla. No la escribamos.
1. gritar
2. decorar
3. bailar
4. comer
5. escribir
6. llorar
7. cantar
8. beber otro refresco
9. decir la verdad
10. hacer la tarea
11. respetar a tus padres.
12. leer el libro
13. bañarse
14. prepararse
15. divertirse
C. Write an appropriate command for each situation.
Ejemplo: En un restaurante mexicano Pidamos tacos deliciosos.
No pidamos una hamburguesa.
- En la cafetería de AU
- En la biblioteca
- En clase
- En el gimnasio
- En una gasolinera
- En una quinceañera
- En un museo
- En el trabajo
- En Target
- En casa
- En una taquería
- En Dunkin
D. Write eight commands for you and your classmate to be successful at AU. Use a mixture of affirmative and negative nosotros commands. Ejemplo: Estudiemos mucho.
No miremos la televisión toda la noche.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E. La Música. The song Vamos by Los Expulsados, a punk band from Argentina, is a happy song about starting something new. It uses the command vamos to say "Let’s go." Listen the song and then write five nosotros commands for you and your friends.
F. How are affirmative nosotros commands formed? How are negative nosotros commands formed? When would you use these commands? Give three examples.
G. We have learned familiar (tú), formal (usted and ustedes), and nosotros commands. Which do you think you will use the most? Why? Give three examples of this type of command.