7.1: Preludio al pensamiento y la inteligencia
- Page ID
- 143169
Objetivos de aprendizaje
- Qué es la inteligencia y cómo varía de persona a persona
- Qué son los procesos cognitivos de alto nivel
¿Por qué es tan difícil romper hábitos, como alcanzar tu teléfono sonando incluso cuando no deberías, como cuando conduces? ¿Cómo desarrolla una persona que nunca ha visto o tocado la nieve en la vida real una comprensión del concepto de nieve? ¿Cómo adquieren los niños pequeños la capacidad de aprender un idioma sin instrucción formal? Los psicólogos que estudian el pensamiento exploran preguntas como estas.
Los psicólogos cognitivos también estudian inteligencia. ¿Qué es la inteligencia y cómo varía de persona a persona? ¿Son la “inteligencia callejera” una especie de inteligencia y, de ser así, ¿cómo se relacionan con otros tipos de inteligencia? ¿Qué mide realmente una prueba de coeficiente intelectual? Estas preguntas y más serán exploradas en este capítulo a medida que estudies el pensamiento y la inteligencia.
En otros capítulos, discutimos los procesos cognitivos de percepción, aprendizaje y memoria. En este capítulo, nos centraremos en los procesos cognitivos de alto nivel. Como parte de esta discusión, consideraremos pensar y explorar brevemente el desarrollo y uso del lenguaje. También discutiremos la resolución de problemas y la creatividad antes de terminar con una discusión sobre cómo se mide la inteligencia y cómo nuestra biología y entornos interactúan para afectar la inteligencia. Después de terminar este capítulo, tendrás una mayor apreciación de los procesos cognitivos de nivel superior que contribuyen a nuestra distinción como especie.
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