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5.2: Las redes de subgrupos de grupos cíclicos

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    116004
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    Ahora exploramos los subgrupos de grupos cíclicos. Una prueba completa del siguiente teorema se proporciona en la p. 61 de [1].

    Teorema\(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Cada subgrupo de un grupo cíclico es cíclico.

    Croquis de prueba: Dejar\(G=\langle a\rangle\) y\(H\leq G\text{.}\) Si\(H=\{e\}\text{,}\) entonces claramente\(H\) es cíclico. De lo contrario, existe un elemento\(a^i\) en\(H\) con\(i>0\text{;}\) let\(d\) ser el entero menos positivo tal que\(a^d\in H\text{.}\) resulta que\(H=\langle a^d\rangle\text{.}\)

    Corolario\(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Cada subgrupo de\(\mathbb{Z}\) es de la forma\(n\mathbb{Z}\) para\(n\in \mathbb{Z}\text{.}\) (Tenga en cuenta que\(n\mathbb{Z}\simeq \mathbb{Z}\) a menos que\(n=0\text{.}\))

    En realidad, basta con estudiar los subgrupos de\(\mathbb{Z}\) y\(\mathbb{Z}_n\) entender la red de subgrupos de cada grupo cíclico.

    Proporcionamos los siguientes teoremas sin pruebas.

    Teorema\(\PageIndex{2}\)

    Los subgrupos no triviales de\(\mathbb{Z}_n\) son exactamente los de la forma\(\langle d\rangle\text{,}\) donde\(d\) es un divisor positivo de\(n\text{.}\) Tenga en cuenta que

    \ begin {ecuación*} |\ langle d\ rangle |=n/d\ end {ecuación*}

    para cada uno de tales\(d\text{.}\)

    De hecho:

    Teorema\(\PageIndex{4}\)

    \(\mathbb{Z}_n\)tiene un subgrupo único de orden\(k\text{,}\) para cada divisor positivo\(k\) de\(n\text{.}\)

    Ejemplo\(\PageIndex{2}\)

    Dibujar una celosía de subgrupo para\(\mathbb{Z}_{12}\text{.}\)

    Los divisores positivos de\(12\) son\(1,2,3,4,6,\) y\(12\text{;}\) así\(\mathbb{Z}_{12}\)'s subgrupos son de la forma\(\langle 1\rangle\text{,}\)\(\langle 2\rangle\text{,}\) etc Así\(\mathbb{Z}_{12}\) tiene la siguiente retícula de subgrupos.


    This page titled 5.2: Las redes de subgrupos de grupos cíclicos is shared under a GNU Free Documentation License 1.3 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Jessica K. Sklar via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.